Educational Purpose Only
This curated collection of research is intended to support clinical education and understanding of oral-systemic connections. Citations are provided for further reading. DoctorSaliva does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult the primary literature and apply clinical judgment in patient care.
Pregnancy & Birth Outcomes
Multiple authors
PubMed-indexed review (2025)
Systematic review
Comprehensive review highlighting the pregnancy microbiome as a key biomarker and intervention target to reduce preterm birth, including oral and gut microbiota.
Read full studyOral Bacteria:
Relevant Protocols:
Multiple authors
American Journal of Reproductive Immunology (2024)
Review article
Review summarizing oral bacteria detected in intrauterine cavity, their routes of dissemination, and consequences for pregnancy outcomes.
Read full studyOral Bacteria:
Relevant Protocols:
Liu et al.
Scientific Reports (Nature) (2025)
Human observational study
Cross-sectional study demonstrating that oral microbiota dysbiosis may contribute to pregnancy loss by disrupting immune function and metabolic processes.
Read full studyOral Bacteria:
Relevant Protocols:
Offenbacher et al.
Journal of Periodontology (1996)
Human cohort study (n=124)
Landmark study establishing the association between maternal periodontal disease and preterm birth/low birth weight.
Oral Bacteria:
Relevant Protocols:
Multiple authors
PMC (PubMed Central) (2024)
Human observational study
Study investigating the relationship between oral microbiome and antenatal depression, highlighting microbiome measures as a promising biomarker.
Read full studyOral Bacteria:
Relevant Protocols:
Perimenopause & Menopause
Multiple authors
Maturitas (review) (2023)
Review article
Review summarizing how estrogen decline during perimenopause and menopause alters the oral microbiome, reduces salivary flow, and increases susceptibility to periodontal disease, xerostomia, and burning mouth symptoms.
Oral Bacteria:
Multiple authors
Journal of Periodontology (2024)
Observational review
Evidence linking declining estrogen to reduced collagen maintenance, accelerated alveolar bone loss, and a shift toward dysbiotic oral microbial communities in postmenopausal women.
Oral Bacteria:
Cardiovascular Disease
Multiple authors
PubMed-indexed systematic review (2024)
Umbrella review of systematic reviews
High-confidence systematic reviews supporting the association between periodontal disease, tooth loss, and cardiovascular diseases.
Read full studyMultiple authors
PMC (PubMed Central) (2024)
Systematic review and meta-analysis
Meta-analysis assessing non-surgical periodontal therapy impact on cardiovascular risk biomarkers including inflammatory markers and endothelial function.
Read full studyOral Bacteria:
Multiple authors
PMC (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science indexed) (2024)
Systematic review
Literature review covering studies from 2000-2024 examining the bidirectional relationship between oral health and cardiovascular disease.
Read full studyOral Bacteria:
Multiple authors
International Journal of Molecular Sciences (2025)
Review article
Comprehensive review of molecular mechanisms linking periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease, including inflammatory pathways and bacterial translocation.
Read full studyKozarov et al.
Circulation (2005)
Human tissue analysis
Direct detection of oral pathogens in coronary atherosclerotic tissue, supporting oral-systemic vascular pathways.
Diabetes & Metabolic Health
Multiple authors
Scientific Reports (Nature) (2025)
Observational study
Investigation of associations between oral health issues (periodontitis and dental caries) and systemic health conditions including metabolic dysfunction.
Read full studyOral Bacteria:
Multiple authors
Nature Microbiology (2026)
Experimental study (animal and in vitro)
Study demonstrating oral pathobiont induces systemic inflammation and metabolic changes associated with gut microbiota alteration.
Read full studyOral Bacteria:
Neurodegenerative Disease
Dominy et al.
Science Advances (2019)
Human brain tissue analysis + animal model (n=53 human brains)
Identification of P. gingivalis gingipains in Alzheimer's disease brains, with experimental evidence proposing a causal role in neurodegeneration.
Oral Bacteria:
Kamer et al.
Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders (2015)
Longitudinal cohort study
Prospective study linking periodontal inflammation to accelerated cognitive decline in older adults with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease.
Oral Bacteria:
Olsen & Singhrao
Journal of Oral Microbiology (2020)
Review article
Mechanistic review examining how oral bacteria and their inflammatory products cross the blood-brain barrier to contribute to neurodegeneration.
Oral Bacteria:
Autoimmune & Inflammatory Disorders
D'Aiuto et al.
Journal of Clinical Periodontology (2004)
Human clinical study
Evidence that periodontal disease contributes to systemic inflammatory burden via circulating inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6).
Oral Bacteria:
Mikuls et al.
Arthritis & Rheumatism (2012)
Human observational study
Association between P. gingivalis antibody levels and rheumatoid arthritis severity and autoantibody production.
Oral Bacteria:
Cancer Risk & Tumor Biology
Kitamoto et al.
Science (2020)
Human and animal experimental study
Evidence that oral bacteria can translocate to the gut and influence intestinal inflammation and colorectal cancer through metabolic pathways.
Oral Bacteria:
Multiple authors
International Journal of Oral Science (Nature) (2022)
Comprehensive review
Review of complex connections between oral microbes and multiple human systemic diseases including cancer, cardiovascular, and autoimmune conditions.
Read full studyOral Bacteria:
Periodontal & Oral Inflammatory Disease
Darveau
Periodontology 2000 (2010)
Review article
Framework for understanding how imbalances in oral microbial communities lead to periodontal disease and systemic inflammation.
Early Life & Microbiome Development
Multiple authors
PMC (NIH) (2024)
Observational study
Study investigating how maternal health and oral microbiota during pregnancy affect the establishment of infant microbiome.
Read full studyOral Bacteria:
Microbiome Mechanisms & Systemic Pathways
Al-Marzooq et al.
Scientific Reports (Nature) (2025)
Review article
Comprehensive review highlighting the bidirectional relationship between oral health and systemic health with emerging mechanistic evidence.
Read full studyOral Bacteria:
Chen et al.
Nucleic Acids Research (2010)
Database resource
Reference database cataloging over 700 prokaryotic species in the human oral cavity with phylogenetic and genomic information.
Oral Bacteria:
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What Clinical Problems DoctorSaliva Helps Solve
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What Differentiates DoctorSaliva
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